tepam::argument_dialogbox - TEPAM argument_dialogbox, reference manual
TEPAM's argument_dialogbox is a flexible and easily usable entry form generator. Each entry element of a form is defined via a data entry item that can be provided to argument_dialogbox in two formats:
Using this first format, each data entry item is defined via a named argument. The item name defines thereby the entry element type that has to be used in the form. The item data, called item attributes, defines the variable which is attributed to the data entry element as well as eventual formatting and context information.
The argument_dialogbox returns ok if the entered data have been acknowledged (via the OK button) and validated by a data checker. If the entered data have been rejected (via the Cancel button) the argument_dialogbox returns cancel.
A small example is the simplest way to illustrate how the argument_dialogbox can be employed:
set DialogResult [tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-title "Itinerary selection" \
-file {-label "Itinerary report" -variable report_file} \
-frame {-label "Itinerary start"} \
-comment {-text "Specify your itinerary start location"} \
-entry {-label "City" -variable start_city -type string} \
-entry {-label "Street" -variable start_street -type string -optional 1} \
-entry {-label "Street number" -variable start_street_nbr -type integer -optional 1} \
-frame {-label "Itinerary destination"} \
-comment {-text "Specify your itinerary destination"} \
-entry {-label "City" -variable dest_city -type string} \
-entry {-label "Street" -variable dest_street -type string -optional 1} \
-entry {-label "Street number" -variable dest_street_nbr -type integer -optional 1} \
-frame {} \
-checkbutton {-label "Don't use highways" -variable no_highway}]
This example opens a dialog box that has the title Itinerary selection. A first entry element in this box allows selecting a report file. It follows two frames to define respectively an itinerary start and end location. Each of these locations, that is described with a comment, has three entry elements to specify respectively the city, street and the street number. Bellow the second frame there is a checkbutton that allows specifying if eventual highways should be ignored.
Sometimes it is simpler to provide all the data entry item definitions in form of a single list to argument_dialogbox, and not as individual arguments. The second format that is supported by argument_dialogbox corresponds exactly to the first one, except that all item definitions are packed into a single list that is provided to argument_dialogbox. The previous example can therefore also be written in the following way:
set DialogResult [tepam::argument_dialogbox {
-title "Itinerary selection"
-file {-label "Itinerary report" -variable report_file}
...
-checkbutton {-label "Don't use highways" -variable no_highway} }]
The commands argument_dialogbox as well as procedure are exported from the namespace tepam. To use these commands without the tepam:: namespace prefix, it is sufficient to import them into the main namespace:
namespace import tepam::* set DialogResult [argument_dialogbox \ -title "Itinerary selection" ...
The following subsections explain the different items that are accepted by the argument_dialogbox, classified into three groups. The first data entry item definition format will be used in the remaining document, knowing that this format can always be transformed into the second format by putting all arguments into a single list that is then provided to argument_dialogbox.
The first item group allows specifying some context aspects of an argument dialog box. These items are taking a simple character string as item data:
tepam::argument_dialogbox \ -<argument_name> string \ ...
The following items are classified into this group:
The dialog box window's title which is by default Dialog can be changed with the -title item:
tepam::argument_dialogbox \ -title "System configuration" \ ...
The argument dialog box uses by default .dialog as dialog top level window. This path can be changed with the -window item:
tepam::argument_dialogbox \ -window .dialog \ ...
By defining a parent window, the argument dialog box will be displayed beside this one. Without explicit parent window definition, the top-level window will be considered as parent window.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \ -parent .my_appl \ ...
The dialog box's state, e.g. the entered data as well as the window size and position, is saved and restored the next time the argument dialog box is called if a context is defined. The assignment of a context allows saving the dialog box' state in its context to distinguish between different usages of the argument dialog box.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \ -context destination_definitions \ ...
Especially for big, complex forms it becomes important that the different data entry widgets are graphically well organized and commented to provide an immediate and clear overview to the user. A couple of items allow structuring and commenting the dialog boxes.
The items of this classification group require as item data an attribute definition list. The attribute definition list contains itself attribute name and data pairs:
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
...
-<argument_name> {
?-<attribute_name> <attribute_data>?
?-<attribute_name> <attribute_data>?
?...?
}
...
The following items are classified into this group:
The -frame item allows packing all following entry widgets into a labeled frame, until a next frame item is defined or until the last entry widgets. It recognizes the following attributes inside the item data list:
An optional frame label can be specified with the -label statement.
Example:
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
...
-frame {-label "Destination address"}
...
To close an open frame without opening a new one, an empty list has to be provided to the -frame statement.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
...
-frame {}
...
Entry widgets can be separated with the -sep statement which doesn't require additional definitions. The related definition list has to exist, but its content is ignored.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
...
-sep {}
...
Comments and descriptions can be added with the -text attribute of the -comment item. Please note that each entry widget itself can also contain a -text attribute for comments and descriptions. But the -comment item allows for example adding a description between two frames.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
...
-comment {-text "Specify bellow the destination address"}
...
This attribute allows controlling an eventual vertical scrollbar .
tepam::argument_dialogbox \ ... -yscroll auto ...
Data entry widgets are created with the widget items. These items require as the formatting items an attribute definition list as item data:
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
...
-<argument_name> {
?-<attribute_name> <attribute_data>?
?-<attribute_name> <attribute_data>?
?...?
}
...
The attribute list can contain various attributes to describe and comment an entry widget and to constrain its entered data. All entry widgets are accepting a common set of attributes that are described in the section Entry Widget Item Attributes.
TEPAM defines a rich set of entry widgets. If necessary, this set can be extended with additional application specific entry widgets (see APPLICATION SPECIFIC ENTRY WIDGETS):
The -entry item generates the simplest but most universal data entry widget. It allows entering any kind of data.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-entry {-label Name -variable Entry}
A group of check boxes is created with the -checkbox item. The number of check boxes and their option values are specified with a list assigned to the -choices attribute or via a variable declared with the -choicevariable attribute:
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-checkbox {-label "Font sytle" -variable FontStyle \
-choices {bold italic underline} -default italic}
If the check boxes' texts should differ from the option values, they can be defined with the -choicelabels attribute:
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-checkbox {-label "Font sytle" -variable FontStyle \
-choices {bold italic underline} \
-choicelabels {Bold Italic Underline} \
-default italic}
In contrast to a radio box group, a check box group allows selecting simultaneously several choice options. The selection is stored for this reason inside the defined variable in form of a list, even if only one choice option has been selected.
A group of radio boxes is created with the -radiobox item. The number of radio boxes and their option values are specified with a list assigned to the -choices attribute or via a variable declared with the -choicevariable attribute.
In contrast to a check box group, a radio box group allows selecting simultaneously only one choice option. The selected option value is stored directly, and not in form of a list, inside the defined variable.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-radiobox {-label "Text adjustment" -variable Adjustment \
-choices {left center right} -default left}
If the radio boxes' texts should differ from the option values, they can be defined with the -choicelabels attribute:
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-radiobox {-label "Text adjustment" -variable Adjustment \
-choices {left center right} \
-choicelabels {Left Center Right} -default left}
The -checkbutton entry widget allows activating or deactivating a single choice option. The result written into the variable will either be 0 when the check button was not activated or 1 if it was activated. An eventually provided default value has also to be either 0 or 1.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-checkbutton {-label Capitalize -variable Capitalize -default 1}
Several types of list and combo boxes are available to handle selection lists.
The combobox is a combination of a normal entry widget together with a drop-down list box. The combobox allows selecting from this drop-down list box a single element. The list of the available elements can be provided either as a list to the -choices attribute, or via a variable that is specified with the -choicevariable attribute.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-combobox {-label "Text size" -variable Size -choices {8 9 10 12 15 18} -default 12}
And here is an example of using a variable to define the selection list:
set TextSizes {8 9 10 12 15 18}
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-combobox {-label "Text size" -variable Size -choicevariable TextSizes -default 12}
In contrast to the combo box, the list box is always displayed by the listbox entry widget. Only one element is selectable unless the -multiple_selection attribute is set. The list box height can be selected with the -height attribute. If the height is not explicitly defined, the list box height is automatically adapted to the argument dialog box' size. The first example uses a variable to define the available choices:
set set AvailableSizes
for {set k 0} {$k<16} {incr k} {lappend AvailableSizes [expr 1<<$k]}
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-listbox {-label "Distance" -variable Distance \
-choicevariable AvailableSizes -default 6 -height 5}
Here is a multi element selection example. Please note that also the default selection can contain multiple elements:
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-listbox {-label "Text styles" -variable Styles \
-choices {bold italic underline overstrike} \
-choicelabels {Bold Italic Underline Overstrike} \
-default {bold underline} -multiple_selection 1 \
-height 3}
A disjoint list box has to be used instead of a normal list box if the selection order is important. The disjoint list box entry widget is in fact displaying two list boxes, one for the selected elements and one for the unselected elements.
Disjoint listboxes allow always selecting multiple elements. With the exception of the -multiple_selection attribute, disjointed list boxes are accepting the same attributes as the normal listbox, e.g. -height, -choices, -choicevariable, -default.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-disjointlistbox {-label "Preferred scripting languages" -variable Languages \
-comment "Please select your preferred languanges in the order" \
-choices {JavaScript Lisp Lua Octave PHP Perl Python Ruby Scheme Tcl} \
-default {Tcl Perl Python}}
The file and directory selectors are building a next group of entry widgets. A paragraph of section Entry Widget Item Attributes explains the dedicated attributes of these widgets to specify the targeted file types, active directory etc.
The item -file creates a group composed by an entry widget together with a button that allows opening a file browser. The data type file is automatically selected for this entry if no data type has been explicitly defined with the -type attribute.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-file {-label "Image file" -variable ImageF \
-filetypes {{"GIF" {*.gif}} {"JPG" {*.jpg}}} \
-initialfile "picture.gif"}
The item -existingfile creates a group composed by an entry widget together with a button that allows opening a browser to select an existing file. The data type existingfile is automatically selected for this entry if no data type has been explicitly defined with the -type attribute.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-existingfile {-label "Image file" -variable ImageF \
-filetypes {{"GIF" {*.gif}} {"JPG" {*.jpg}}} \
-initialfile "picture.gif"}
The item -directory creates a group composed by an entry widget together with a button that allows opening a directory browser. The data type directory is automatically selected for this entry if no data type has been explicitly defined with the -type attribute.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-directory {-label "Report directory" -variable ReportDir}
The item -existingdirectory creates a group composed by an entry widget together with a button that allows opening a browser to select an existing directory. The data type existingdirectory is automatically selected for this entry if no data type has been explicitly defined with the -type attribute.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-existingdirectory {-label "Report directory" -variable ReportDir}
Finally, there is a last group of some other special entry widgets.
The color selector is composed by an entry widget together with a button that allows opening a color browser. The data type color is automatically selected for this entry widget type if no data type has been explicitly defined with the -type attribute.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-color {-label "Background color" -variable Color -default red}
The font selector is composed by an entry widget together with a button that allows opening a font browser. The data type font is automatically selected for this entry widget type if no data type has been explicitly defined with the -type attribute. The entry widget displays an example text using the selected font.
The font browser allows selecting by default the font families provided by the font families command as well as a reasonable set of different font sizes between 6 points and 40 points. Different sets of font families and font sizes can be specified respectively via the -font_families or -font_sizes attributes.
If no default font is provided via the -default attribute, the font of the label widget to display the selected font will be used as default selected font. If the font family of this label widget is not part of the available families the first available family is used as default. If the font size of this label widget is not part of the available sizes the next close available size is selected as default.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-font {-label "Font" -variable Font \
-font_sizes {8 10 12 16} \
-default {Arial 20 italic}}
All the entry widget items are accepting the following attributes:
Eventual descriptions and comments specified with the -text attribute are displayed above the entry widget.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-entry {-text "Please enter your name bellow" -variable Name}
The label attribute creates left to the entry widget a label using the provided string as label text:
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-entry {-label Name -variable Name}
All entry widgets require a specified variable. After accepting the entered information with the OK button, the entry widget's data are stored inside the defined variables.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-existingdirectory {-label "Report directory" -variable ReportDir}
Eventual default data for the entry widgets can be provided via the -default attribute. The default value is overridden when an argument dialog box with a defined context is called another time. The data acknowledged in a previous call will be used in this case as default data.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-checkbox {-label "Font sytle" -variable FontStyle \
-choices {bold italic underline} -default italic}
Data can be specified as optional or mandatory with the -optional attribute that requires either 0 (mandatory) or 1 (optional) as attribute data.
In case an entry is optional and no data has been entered, e.g. the entry contains an empty character string, the entry will be considered as undefined and the assigned variable will not be defined.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-entry {-label "City" -variable start_city -type string} \
-entry {-label "Street" -variable start_street -type string -optional 0} \
-entry {-label "Street number" -variable start_street_nbr -type integer -optional 1} \
If the data type is defined with the -type attribute the argument dialog box will automatically perform a data type check after acknowledging the entered data and before the dialog box is closed. If a type incompatible data is found an error message box appears and the user can correct the data.
The argument dialog box accepts all types that have been specified by the TEPAM package and that are also used by tepam::procedure (see the tepam::procedure reference manual).
Some entry widgets like the file and directory widgets, as well as the color and font widgets are specifying automatically a default data type if no type has been specified explicitly with the -type attribute.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-entry {-label "Street number" -variable start_street_nbr -type integer} \
Data can be constrained with the -range attribute. The valid range is defined with a list containing the minimum valid value and a maximum valid value.
The -range attribute has to be used only for numerical arguments, like integers and doubles.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-entry {-label Month -variable Month -type integer -range {1 12}}
More complex argument data validations than type checks can be performed via specific validation commands that are declared via the -validatecommand attribute. The provided validation command can be a complete script in which the pattern %P is replaced by the argument data that has to be validated.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-entry {-label "Your comment" -variable YourCom \
-validatecommand "IllegalWordDetector %P"} ]
Some other attributes are supported by the list and combo boxes as well as by the radio and check buttons.
Choice lists can directly be defined with the -choices attribute. This way to define choice lists is especially adapted for smaller, fixed selection lists.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-listbox {-label "Text styles" -variable Styles \
-choices {bold italic underline} -default underline
If the check and radio boxes' texts should differ from the option values, they can be defined with the -choicelabels attribute:
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-checkbox {-label "Font sytle" -variable FontStyle \
-choices {bold italic underline} \
-choicelabels {Bold Italic Underline}
Another way to define the choice lists is using the -choicevariable attribute. This way to define choice lists is especially adapted for huge and eventually variable lists.
set TextSizes {8 9 10 12 15 18}
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-combobox {-label "Text size" -variable Size -choicevariable TextSizes}
The list box item (-listbox) allows by default selecting only one list element. By setting the -multiple_selection attribute to 1, multiple elements can be selected.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-listbox {-label "Text styles" -variable Styles \
-choices {bold italic underline} -default underline \
-multiple_selection 1 -height 3}
Some additional attributes are supported by the file and directory selection widgets.
The file type attribute is used by the -file and -existingfile items to define the file endings that are searched by the file browser.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-file {-label "Image file" -variable ImageF \
-filetypes {{"GIF" {*.gif}} {"JPG" {*.jpg}}}}
The initial file used by the file browsers of the -file and -existingfile widgets are by default the file defined with the -default attribute, unless a file is specified with the -initialfile attribute.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-file {-variable ImageF -initialfile "picture.gif"}
The -activedir attribute will override the default active search directory used by the file browsers of all file and directory entry widgets. The default active search directory is defined by the directory of a specified initial file (-initialfile) if defined, and otherwise by the directory of the default file/directory, specified with the -default attribute.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \ -file "-variable ImageF -activedir $pwd"
Finally, there is a last attribute supported by some widgets:
All widgets containing a selection list (-listbox, -disjointlistbox, -font) are accepting the -height attribute that defines the number of displayed rows of the selection lists.
tepam::argument_dialogbox \
-listbox {-label "Text size" -variable Size \
-choices {8 9 10 12 15 18} -default 12 -height 3}
If the no height has been explicitly specified the height of the widget will be adapted to the argument dialog box' size.
An application specific entry widget can be made available to the argument dialog box by adding a dedicated procedure to the tepam namespace. This procedure has three arguments; the first one is the widget path, the second one a subcommand and the third argument has various purposes:
proc tepam::ad_form(<WidgetName>) {W Command {Par ""}} {
upvar Option Option; # if required
variable argument_dialogbox; # if required
switch $Command {
"create" <CreateCommandSequence>
"set_choice" <SetChoiceCommandSequence>
"set" <SetCommandv>
"get" <GetCommandSequence>
}
}
Argument_dialogbox takes care about the -label and -text attributes for all entry widgets. For the entry widget it creates a frame into which the entry widget components can be placed. The path to this frame is provided via the W argument. The entry widget procedure has to support 3 mandatory and an optional command, defined via the Command argument:
The entry widget is called a first time with the command create to build the entry widget.
The frames that are made available by argument_dialogbox for the entry widgets are by default only extendable in the X direction. To make them also extendable in the Y direction, for example for extendable list boxes, the command ad_form(make_expandable) $W has to be executed when an entry widget is built.
The entry widget procedure is only called with the set_choice command when the -choices or -choicevariable has been specified. The command is therefore only relevant for list and combo boxes.
The available selection list, either specified with the -choices or -choicevariable attribute is provided via the Par argument to the entry widget procedure which can initialize the selection list with this data.
If a default value is either defined via the -default attribute or via a preceding call the entry widget procedure is called with the set command. The argument Par contains in this case the value to which the entry widget has to be initialized.
The entry widget procedure's command get has to return the actual value of the entry widget.
Eventually specified entry widget item attributes are available via the Option array variable of the calling procedure. This variable becomes accessible inside the entry widget procedure via the upvar command.
There may be a need to store some information in a variable. The array variable argument_dialogbox has to be used for this purpose together with array indexes starting with "$W,", e.g. argument_dialogbox($W,values).
Examples of entry widget procedures are directly provided by the TEPAM package source file that specifies the standard entry widget procedures. The simplest procedure is certainly the one for the basic entry widget:
proc tepam::ad_form(entry) {W Command {Par ""}} {
switch $Command {
"create" {pack [entry \$W.entry] -fill x \
-expand yes -pady 4 -side left}
"set" {\$W.entry insert 0 $Par}
"get" {return [\$W.entry get]}
}
}
It is also possible to relay on an existing entry widget procedure to create a new, more specific one. The radiobox widget is used for example, to create a new entry widget that allows selecting either the option left, center or right. The original radiobox widget is called with the set_choice command immediately after the create command, to define the fixed list of selection options.
proc tepam::ad_form(rcl) {W Command {Par ""}} {
set Res [ad_form(radiobox) $W $Command $Par]
if {$Command=="create"} {
ad_form(radiobox) $W set_choice {left center right}
}
return $Res
}
Please consult the TEPAM package source file to find additional and more complex examples of entry widget procedures.
The argument_dialogbox is using two variables inside the ::tepam namespace:
Application specific entry widget procedures can use this array variable to store their own data, using as index the widget path provided to the procedure, e.g. argument_dialogbox($W,<sub_index>).
This array variable is only used by an argument dialog box when its context has been specified via the -context attribute. The argument dialog box' position and size as well as its entered data are stored inside this variable when the data are acknowledged and the form is closed. This allows the form to restore its previous state once it is called another time.
To reuse the saved parameters not just in the actual application session but also in another one, it is sufficient to store the last_parameter variable array in a configuration file which is loaded the next time an application is launched.
Argument entry form, mega widget
Copyright © 2009/2010, Andreas Drollinger